Gluten-free ice cream: watch out for the cones

Ice cream itself usually contains no gluten. The risk hides in cones, biscuits, malt and the scoop in the display counter.

If you have coeliac disease or another sensitivity to gluten, ice cream seems like a safe choice. Milk, cream, sugar, eggs and fruit contain no gluten. The problem, however, usually isn’t the ice cream itself but what gets added to it or what it comes into contact with.

What “gluten-free” means

The label on the packaging isn’t a matter of marketing — it is defined by EU legislation. Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 828/2014 distinguishes two levels:

LabelMaximum gluten
“gluten-free”20 mg/kg
“very low gluten”100 mg/kg

If packaged ice cream or a cone says “gluten-free”, the manufacturer guarantees that it doesn’t exceed the 20 mg/kg limit.

Did you know?

Cereals containing gluten are the first of the 14 allergens that must always be declared under Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011 — for both packaged and non-packaged foods.

Where gluten hides in an ice cream shop

The base mix is generally gluten-free. The risk lies in the add-ins and extras:

  • cones and wafers — mostly baked from wheat flour,
  • biscuits, cookies and brownies mixed into the ice cream (flavours such as “cookies”, “stracciatella with biscuit”, “tiramisu”),
  • cereal pieces, muesli, crunchy balls and sprinkles,
  • malt ingredients — barley malt is found in some chocolate and “caramel” flavours and in sprinkles,
  • cake flavours (strudel, cheesecake with a biscuit base, gingerbread).

So the actual ingredient list of a given flavour matters more than the general impression that “ice cream is gluten-free”.

Cone or cup

The simplest protection is to ask for your ice cream in a cup. Some ice cream shops also offer gluten-free cones. With these it’s worth checking whether they are individually wrapped and stored separately from ordinary cones — otherwise crumbs easily get onto them.

Tip

If you want gluten-free ice cream, say so clearly when ordering. The staff can then use a clean scoop and take the ice cream from the edge of the tub, where the scoop from the biscuit flavour hasn’t touched it.

Cross-contamination at the counter

With scooped ice cream, one scoop is often rinsed in the same water and moves from flavour to flavour. If there is a biscuit flavour in the display counter, small pieces can also end up in the neighbouring tub. There are no precise data on how much gluten gets transferred this way — but for people with coeliac disease it’s sensible to assume that the risk exists.

What helps:

  • choose flavours that aren’t placed right next to the biscuit ones in the display counter,
  • ask for a clean scoop and a cup,
  • with serious coeliac disease, prefer packaged ice cream labelled “gluten-free”,
  • ask for allergen information — the ice cream shop must have it available for non-packaged ice cream too.

Warning

If the packaging or menu only says “may contain traces of gluten”, the product is not suitable for people with coeliac disease. Such a warning means the manufacturer cannot rule out contamination.

Gluten-free ice cream at home

At home, everything is under your control. Most recipes on zmrzka are gluten-free by nature — you just need to keep an eye on these points:

  1. Thickeners. Cornflour (cornstarch), locust bean gum (carob gum) and guar gum contain no gluten. Wheat flour as a thickener has no place in ice cream.
  2. Mix-ins. Buy biscuits, wafers and cakes labelled “gluten-free”, or bake them yourself from gluten-free flour.
  3. Chocolate and sprinkles. Check the ingredients — malt and wheat ingredients turn up where you wouldn’t expect them.
  4. Equipment. If you also bake with ordinary flour in your kitchen, wash bowls, spoons and the ice cream maker’s bowl before use.
  5. Vanilla sugar and flavourings. Mostly gluten-free, but the composition differs between brands.

Tip

For a gluten-free “cone” at home, a gluten-free wafer cup, a crumbled gluten-free biscuit on top or simply a bowl with fruit will do.

Summary

  • Ice cream itself is mostly gluten-free; the risks are cones, biscuits, malt and cereal add-ins.
  • The “gluten-free” label means at most 20 mg of gluten per kilogram (EU, 2014).
  • In an ice cream shop, ask for a cup, a clean scoop and allergen information.
  • At home, just watch the mix-ins, sprinkles and clean equipment.

Sources

More articles